Boolean between different shapes rather than layers

hpishvai

Hi,

In my Ruby code I am planning to do Boolean between different shapes. I know that Boolean between layers is straight forward and could be done by two lines of the code. However, is there an easy way of doing Boolean between shapes which are already specified by a shape index?

I was thinking of calling the shapes in a method, manually changing their layers (if similar), doing the Boolean and then converting the result to the original layer. Would that make sense?

Regards,
Hamedp

Matthias

Hi Hamed,

The recommended approach is to use the Region class:

shape = ... the input shape 1 ...
shape2 = ... the input shape 2 ...
region = RBA::Region::new(shape1.polygon)
region2 = RBA::Region::new(shape2.polygon)
region &= region2   # or whichever operation you plan

The result of an AND operation can be zero, one or many polygons. Hence there is no
"polygon & polygon -> polygon" operation. The region object accommodates zero to many
polygons, so it's the natural representation for input and output to an AND operation.

Matthias

hpishvai

Hi Matthias,

Thank you so much for the hint.

In order to test what you proposed, I am inserting a BOX into the layout:

shape1 = lyo.layout.cell( @cell_index[@cell_name] ).shapes( call_layer( lyo, @layer_name,fab_name ) ).insert(RBA::Box::new(0, -50/0.001, 2000/0.001, 50/0.001))


and then use:

region = RBA::Region::new(shape1.to_polygon)

for some reason I get an error "undefined method "to_polygon" for BOX(0,-50,100,50):RBA::Shape"

Any idea what is causing the issue?

Thank you,
Haed

Matthias

Sorry, typo. Should be "shape1.polygon" (answer edited).

Matthias

hpishvai

Hi Matthias,

Thank you so much for looking into this.

I really do not understand why but this is not working for me

shape1 = lyo.layout.cell( @cell_index[@cell_name] ).shapes( call_layer( lyo, @layer_name,fab_name ) ).insert(RBA::Box::new(0, 80/0.001, 20/0.001, 100/0.001))
region = RBA::Region::new(shape1.polygon)

shape2 = lyo.layout.cell( @cell_index[@cell_name] ).shapes( call_layer( lyo, @layer_name,fab_name ) ).insert(RBA::Box::new(0, 90/0.001, 30/0.001, 120/0.001))
region2 = RBA::Region::new(shape2.polygon)

region &= region2

Matthias

How should I?

I can't see what call_layer will do, neither what @cell_index really contains ... if it's an array or a hash at all.

And I don't print error messages just for fun. Don't be shy and tell me what they say.

hpishvai

I totally understand Matthias. Sorry for sending you three lines of code. My program is quite long that's why I could not copy it here. If you do not mind I will attach it to an e-mail and send it to you.

Regards,
Hamed

hpishvai

Problem is solved now.

Aadoo

Hi Matthias, hpishvai, reanimating a 5-year-old post, hopefully you could help me out here. There is a Macro I am currently working on, and part of it consists of Boolean operations between Polygons. For subtraction between two boxes and output as a polygon, I managed to put together a code based on this post that looks like this:

box1 = frame_outline.shapes(layer_1).insert(RBA::Box::new(-mask_boundary/(2*dbu),-mask_boundary/(2*dbu),mask_boundary/(2*dbu),mask_boundary/(2*dbu)))
box2 = frame_outline.shapes(layer_1).insert(RBA::Box::new(-210000/(2*dbu),-210000/(2*dbu),210000/(2*dbu),210000/(2*dbu)))
region = RBA::Region::new(box1.polygon) - RBA::Region::new(box2.polygon)
frame_outline.shapes(layer_1).insert(region)
box1.delete
box2.delete

frame_outline is a cell where I want to see the result, and mask_boundary is a variable which I have defined in the Macro already. This code works.

However, now I want to subtract two polygons that I have obtained by flattening two Circle PCells. Usually on the Klayout GUI, it works with Edit->Selection. I tried implementing the subtracting boxes idea but maybe I am missing something here, cos it isn't working:

param = { "layer" => RBA::LayerInfo::new(1, 0), "actual_radius" => 102500 }
pv = pcell_circle_decl.get_parameters.collect do |p|
  param[p.name] || p.default
end

pcell_circle = lay.add_pcell_variant(lib, pcell_circle_decl.id, pv)
t = RBA::Trans::new(0, 0)
circ1 = frame_ring.insert(RBA::CellInstArray::new(pcell_circle, t))

param = { "layer" => RBA::LayerInfo::new(1, 0), "actual_radius" => 100000 }
pv = pcell_circle_decl.get_parameters.collect do |p|
  param[p.name] || p.default
end

pcell_circle = lay.add_pcell_variant(lib, pcell_circle_decl.id, pv)
t = RBA::Trans::new(0, 0)
circ2 = frame_ring.insert(RBA::CellInstArray::new(pcell_circle, t))

reg1 = circ1.flatten
reg2 = circ2.flatten

region = RBA::Region::new(reg1) - RBA::Region::new(reg2)

Error:

No overload with matching arguments in Region::initialize

PS: reg1 and reg2 are Polygons with 64 points each, which is exactly how they turn out if I flatten the Pcells manually with the GUI.

RawrRanger

Hi Aadoo,

circ1.flatten provide void return to reg1, which causes the interpreter to complaint.

region only can be initiallized with shape like object, which also cannot take a cell or flattened cell as input.

to make the machine happy, you need to extract shapes from cells and feed into region for boolean

Example:

mainWindow = RBA::Application::instance::main_window
layout     = mainWindow::current_view::active_cellview::layout
ln, dt     = 1, 0

def pCircleRegion(layout, ln, dt, radius)
    lib               = RBA::Library.library_by_name("Basic")
    pcell_circle_decl = lib.layout.pcell_declaration("CIRCLE")

    param  = { "layer" => RBA::LayerInfo::new(ln, dt), "actual_radius" => radius }
    pv     = pcell_circle_decl.get_parameters.collect { |p| param[p.name] || p.default }
    cellID = layout.add_pcell_variant(lib, pcell_circle_decl.id, pv)
    cell   = layout.cell(cellID)
    region = RBA::Region::new(cell.each_shape(layout.layer(ln, dt)).collect {|shape| shape.polygon})
    cell.delete
    return region
end

smallCircieReg = pCircleRegion(layout, ln, dt, 10000)
largeCircieReg = pCircleRegion(layout, ln, dt, 15000)
outRegion      = largeCircieReg - smallCircieReg
layout.cell("TOP").shapes(layout.layer(ln, dt)).insert(outRegion)

pCircleRegion function declars a pcell and list out all shapes in (1, 0) and feed into a region before it being deleted
repeat this to get multiple region for boolean.

Additionally, layer and datatype does not mean anything to region, consider region as a seperate layer that holds shapes, they exist in pCircleRegion function is just to satisfy the purpose of declaring circle pcell parameter.

Aadoo

Hi RawrRanger, for starters, I combined my code and yours, and it works perfectly! But I think you have made my life a lot easier cos this way I can create any PCell circle, and its corresponding region by defining the functions just once. I am still quite new to Ruby in general. But many many thanks for this!

RawrRanger

Hi Aadoo,

If the intension is to create a ring, the simplest way is to provide a polygon to the region.
which skips the steps of to messing arond with pcell variables

mainWindow = RBA::Application::instance::main_window
layout     = mainWindow::current_view::active_cellview::layout
ln, dt     = 1, 0

def circleRegion(radius, points)
    da = Math::PI * 2 / points
    return RBA::Region::new(RBA::Polygon::new(
        (0..points).each.collect { |i| RBA::Point::new(radius * Math::cos(da * i), radius * Math::sin(da * i)) }
    ))
end

def ringRegion(radius, thicknes, points)
    return circleRegion( radius + thicknes, points) - circleRegion( radius, points)
end

layout.cell("TOP").shapes(layout.layer(ln, dt)).insert(ringRegion(10000, 5000, 32))

or, use the donut pcell from the lib